IrishTickle said:
I was just wondering about the way some words or spelt in the US compared to the rest of the world. Things like sulphur being spelt sulfur and things like that. Does anyone know how this actually came about? Was some moron given a summer job by Websters and they didn't realise until it was too late?
English itself is a mongrel bastard language, formed from several pre-existing languages.
Our capacity for language is more closely linked to our ears than our eyes. The part of the brain that processes language is far closer to the left auditory cortex than the visual cortex, which is at the back of the brain. A simple, obvious fact is that *spoken* language precedes *written* language by many many years. Even dogs can follow some bits of human speech, but never the writing.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A31130-2004Jun10
The earliest written languages attempted to imitate the objects described. Heiroglyphics, Chinese. Extremely inefficient, because the visual cues have to go farther in the brain to be transformed into meaning and sound. A language like most modern languages, which has letters that represent the sounds of the word, as opposed to the meaning, is much faster to learn and use. This was the great advantage of languages like Hebrew and Greek. The faster the visual symbols turn into aural associations, the faster we can make sense of them.
It is extremely difficult to learn to read if you cannot speak. Speech almost always comes first, unless an individual is deaf or mute. So it is totally understandable that, while trying to scrape by in a "savage" land, when harvesting and storing food for the winter is a bit more urgent than reading Shakespeare, spellings get morphed. But languages always exist before dictionaries, so this is no different than the way the English did it, or the Germans, or anyone.
Elision also seems to be a constant in language. Shorter and shorter words and phrases suffice when people have been communicating for a long time. In Philly, I often hear "Yunawmee" instead of "You know what I mean," which is already an abbreviation of "Do you know what I mean?" Look to Jamaican and Cajun speech for many more examples.
Incidentally, they say Dutch is one language that has not changed at all in the last 500 years. High level of education there. The Dutch were also reknowned for their slave trading...